A small crossover trial finds a BCAA, HMB, and zinc supplement increases muscle mass and lowers inflammation in dialysis patients, but not physical performance. PICO summary and commentary.
Browsing: Diabetes
Evidence summaries and landmark trials across type 1, type 2, prevention, glycaemic control, complications, and diabetes technology.
The CANVAS Programme demonstrated that canagliflozin reduced major adverse cardiovascular events by 14% in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk, but identified an approximately twofold increase in lower-extremity amputation risk, primarily at the toe or metatarsal level, requiring careful patient selection and monitoring.
The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial demonstrated that empagliflozin reduced cardiovascular death by 38% and heart failure hospitalisation by 35% in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease — the first glucose-lowering agent to show a mortality benefit in a cardiovascular outcomes trial.
A three-year follow-up finds most people who reached diabetes remission via intermittent calorie restriction maintained it without ongoing intervention. PICO summary and commentary.
An RCT finds the weekly GLP-1 agonist PEG-Loxe produces large dose-dependent weight loss in super-obese patients with type 2 diabetes. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A proof-of-concept crossover study finds a fat preload does not change postprandial glucose after sleeve gastrectomy, but raises insulin. PICO summary and commentary.
An ex-vivo study finds early empagliflozin dampens NLRP3 inflammasome activity in macrophages from post-MI diabetic patients, a mechanistic signal. PICO summary and commentary.
An RCT finds pentoxifylline reduces microalbuminuria, preserves eGFR, and improves left ventricular mass index over 12 months in advanced diabetic nephropathy, using surrogate endpoints. PICO summary and commentary.
An open RCT finds a smart-speaker virtual assistant with a behavioural intervention reduces mental distress and improves quality of life, self-care, and HbA1c in older adults with type 2 diabetes. PICO summary and commentary.
A small exploratory study finds combining empagliflozin with linagliptin shifts urinary microbiota toward a healthy pattern in type 2 diabetes, while empagliflozin alone raises some uropathogens; infection rates were not measured. PICO summary and commentary.