Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer radical resection, intraoperative dexmedetomidine at a loading dose of 1 μg/kg and maintenance dose of 0.25 μg/kg/h significantly maintained better perioperative blood glucose stability compared to control and higher-dose dexmedetomidine groups (0.5 μg/kg/h and 0.75 μg/kg/h), though it was associated with minimal adverse effects and no delay in extubation. PICO Description Population Adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer radical resection. Intervention Dexmedetomidine, loading dose 1 μg/kg followed by maintenance infusion of 0.25 μg/kg/h (Group D1). Comparison Control group receiving no dexmedetomidine (Group C),…
Author: FWA
Summary: In young children aged 2–6 years with overweight or obesity, a parent-based lifestyle support intervention significantly reduced BMI, BMI z-score, and energy/macronutrient intake compared to standard care, though it was associated with no direct side effects reported; response varied by AMY1 gene copy number. PICO Description Population Children aged 2–6 years classified as overweight or obese, participating in a 9-month lifestyle intervention study examining the relationship between salivary AMY1 gene copy number, BMI z-score, and dietary intake. Intervention Parent-based support lifestyle intervention designed to improve children’s nutrition and reduce BMI through behavioral and dietary modifications. Comparison Standard care group…
Summary: In patients with non-infected diabetic foot ulcers, photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy at 660 nm with energy densities of 4, 8, and 12 J/cm² significantly reduced ulcer area over a 10-week period compared to control treatment using 904 nm GaAs laser with 10 J/cm², though it was associated with a lower proportion of responders at the 4 J/cm² dose. PICO Description Population Patients with non-infected diabetic foot ulcers undergoing standard wound care. Intervention Photobiomodulation therapy using HeNe laser at 660 nm, 20 mW, continuous mode, administered twice weekly for 10 weeks at energy densities of 4, 8, or 12 J/cm². Comparison…
Summary: In patients with comorbid hypertension and diabetes, an interdisciplinary care model with family empowerment (ICCM-FE) significantly improved blood pressure, glucose control, quality of life, psychosocial adaptation, and nursing satisfaction compared to routine care, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults (n = 187) diagnosed with both hypertension and diabetes, recruited from January 2023 to March 2024 in a randomized controlled trial. Intervention Interdisciplinary Care Model combined with Family Empowerment (ICCM-FE), incorporating the COM-B model alongside structured family engagement. Comparison Routine standard care practices for managing hypertension and diabetes without added interdisciplinary or family-based…
Summary: In prediabetic adults in Kenya, comprehensive interventions targeting glucose, weight, blood pressure, lipids, and lifestyle factors significantly address cardiometabolic abnormalities and reduce risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and premature mortality compared to no or standard care, though they require multifactorial adherence and management of multiple risk factors. PICO Description Population Adults with prediabetes in Kenya exhibiting a high clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors. Intervention Comprehensive interventions addressing glucose regulation, body weight, blood pressure, lipid profile, and lifestyle modifications. Comparison Standard care or no targeted multifactorial interventions for cardiometabolic risk factors. Outcome Reduction in cardiometabolic risk markers and…
Summary: In postmenopausal osteoporotic patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus, rhPTH(1-34) treatment significantly improved bone mineral density (BMD) and increased markers of bone turnover compared to alendronate (ALN) or placebo treatments, though it was associated with no notable adverse effects reported during the one-year study period. PICO Description Population Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (OP), both with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as C57BL/6 mice with diet and streptozotocin-induced T2DM. Intervention Administration of recombinant human parathyroid hormone rhPTH(1-34) in both animal models and human subjects over one year (clinical trial duration). Comparison Alendronate (ALN) treatment…
Summary: In obese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, daily curcumin supplementation (1500 mg) significantly reduced liver fat content, liver stiffness, HbA1c, and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress compared to placebo, though it was associated with mild gastrointestinal discomfort. PICO Description Population Obese individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Intervention Oral curcumin supplementation at a daily dose of 1500 mg for 12 months. Comparison Placebo administered daily over the same 12-month period in a double-blind, randomized, controlled design. Outcome Curcumin significantly decreased liver fat content, liver stiffness, and HbA1c levels (all…
Summary: In pregnant individuals with overweight or obesity, lifestyle interventions including physical activity and dietary counseling significantly reduced the decline in physical activity during pregnancy compared to standard care, though it was associated with no clinically meaningful differences in physical activity levels overall. PICO Description Population Pregnant people with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 receiving prenatal care during their 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Intervention Multicomponent lifestyle interventions including dietary support and physical activity counseling, monitored through accelerometry. Comparison Standard prenatal care without specific dietary or physical activity guidance. Outcome Although vigorous activity showed statistically significant differences (p = .024), overall…
Summary: In adults with type 2 diabetes and β-cell dysfunction, co-supplementation with live multistrain probiotics and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) significantly improved β-cell function and insulin sensitivity compared to placebo treatment, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes exhibiting β-cell dysfunction (%B < 50%) and receiving insulin therapy (alone or combined with oral antidiabetic drugs). Intervention Co-supplementation of live multistrain probiotic with omega-3 PUFAs. Comparison Placebo group with no active supplementation. Outcome The intervention showed a marginally significant increase in β-cell function (%B from 42.2 ± 15.4 to…
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes residing in the slums of Karachi, Pakistan, a pictorial infographic-based foot care education intervention significantly improved knowledge and self-care behavior for diabetic foot care compared to the control group receiving standard care, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes living in urban slums of Karachi, Pakistan, with limited awareness of diabetic foot care practices. Intervention A pictorial infographic-based foot care educational program delivered at primary healthcare facilities over a three-month period. Comparison Standard diabetes care services provided without additional foot care education…