The SCALE trial established liraglutide 3.0 mg as the first GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for chronic weight management, demonstrating a mean weight reduction of 8.0% versus 2.6% with placebo and a 79% reduction in progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes in a 160-week extension analysis, setting the clinical and regulatory template for GLP-1 receptor agonist obesity pharmacotherapy.
The LEADER trial demonstrated that liraglutide significantly reduced 3-point MACE and cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk, becoming the first GLP-1 receptor agonist CVOT to demonstrate superiority and characterising an atherosclerotic rather than heart failure protection profile distinct from SGLT2 inhibitors.
An open-label RCT finds combining metformin and liraglutide reduces weight, visceral fat, and free testosterone more than metformin alone in PCOS, with a rat study suggesting a gut-microbiota mechanism. PICO summary and commentary.
An RCT finds adding a ketogenic diet to dulaglutide improves glucose, lipids, insulin resistance, sleep, and quality of life more than dulaglutide alone in type 2 diabetes. PICO summary and commentary.
A small mechanistic trial in youth-onset type 2 diabetes finds metformin and liraglutide shift gut bacteria and bile acids; bile-acid metabolites, not microbiota shifts, track with glucose. PICO summary and commentary.
A post hoc analysis of the ADJUNCT ONE and ADJUNCT TWO trials identifies who discontinues adjunctive liraglutide in type 1 diabetes: longer disease duration, undetectable C-peptide, and lower BMI. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A 56-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of liraglutide 3.0 mg for weight recurrence after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A first-in-human phase I trial of the NPY2 receptor agonist BI 1820237, alone or with low-dose liraglutide, in 95 men with overweight or obesity, reporting safety, tolerability, and additive effects on gastric emptying. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A small double-blind RCT in 38 patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary disease found pre-operative liraglutide gave better intra-operative glucose control and described regional epicardial fat microRNA patterns. PICO summary and expert commentary.
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