DAPA-CKD demonstrated that dapagliflozin reduced the composite of a sustained 50% or greater eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease, or renal or cardiovascular death by 39% in patients with albuminuric CKD with or without type 2 diabetes, extending nephroprotective SGLT2 inhibition beyond diabetic nephropathy to a broad CKD population for the first time.
Author: FWA
EMPEROR-Reduced confirmed that empagliflozin reduces cardiovascular death or hospitalisation for heart failure by 25% in patients with HFrEF irrespective of diabetes status, while also demonstrating a 50% reduction in a renal composite outcome and a markedly slower rate of eGFR decline, adding critical confirmatory evidence for SGLT2 inhibitors as standard-of-care in HFrEF.
The DAPA-HF trial demonstrated that dapagliflozin reduced the composite of worsening heart failure or cardiovascular death by 26% in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, with consistent benefit observed in both those with and without type 2 diabetes, establishing SGLT2 inhibition as a core therapy for HFrEF independent of glycaemic status.
Summary: In overweight or obese adults with prediabetes, a combined intervention of concurrent training and microencapsulated persimmon–karonda polyphenol supplementation significantly improved glycemic control, reduced inflammatory markers, enhanced physical fitness, and improved psychological well-being compared to placebo, exercise alone, or supplementation alone, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults with prediabetes who were overweight or obese (n=43). Intervention Eight weeks of concurrent training (CBT) combined with supplementation of a microencapsulated persimmon–karonda polyphenol formulation (EATME). Comparison Placebo, CBT alone, or EATME alone. Outcome The combined intervention group (CBT + EATME) showed the greatest improvements in fasting…
Summary: In patients following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), empagliflozin treatment significantly modulated sirtuin and microRNA expression, improving cardiac function recovery compared to placebo treatment over 26 weeks, though it was associated with no notable adverse effects reported in this analysis. PICO Description Population 227 adult patients post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI), analyzed for changes in cardiac function and molecular biomarkers. Intervention Empagliflozin treatment over 26 weeks, investigating alterations in sirtuin gene (SIRT1–7) expression and specific microRNAs (miR-182-5p, miR-302a-3p). Comparison Placebo treatment over the same 26-week period, with baseline and follow-up biomarker and echocardiographic assessments. Outcome Empagliflozin led to increased SIRT6 and…
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes and HbA1c <7.5%, AntiAGE-Biom probiotic supplementation significantly improved body composition, including increased skeletal muscle mass and reduced fat percentage, particularly in men and those with higher baseline HbA1c compared to placebo, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), with stable antidiabetic therapy and HbA1c less than 7.5%. Intervention Daily administration of AntiAGE-Biom probiotic for 3 months in addition to ongoing antidiabetic therapy. Comparison Placebo treatment under the same clinical conditions, with no additional active probiotic. Outcome The probiotic group showed…
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes, personalized exercise prescriptions based on the Chester Step Test (CST) significantly reduced postprandial glucose levels and glycemic variability compared to a non-exercise control group, though it was associated with no notable adverse events. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D), recruited from outpatient settings between April 2022 and August 2024. Intervention Personalized exercise program prescribed based on Chester Step Test-derived VO2 max, performed 45 minutes after dinner at 50%–75% of VO2 max intensity for 30–60 minutes per session. Comparison Control group continuing usual routine activities without participation in vigorous physical…
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes in tertiary hospitals in Southwest Nigeria, print-based educational intervention significantly enhanced self-care practices compared to a control group receiving no structured intervention, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes attending endocrinology clinics at tertiary hospitals in Southwest Nigeria. Intervention A 12-week print-based educational intervention including PowerPoint presentation sessions, take-home leaflets, and weekly activity reminders shared via communication platforms. Comparison A control group that received no additional educational intervention beyond routine care. Outcome Participants in the intervention group demonstrated a statistically significant improvement…
Summary: In morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery, driving pressure-guided ventilation significantly improved oxygenation, enhanced lung mechanics, and reduced intraoperative and postoperative hypoxemia compared to conventional lung-protective ventilation using fixed PEEP of 5 cmH₂O, though it was associated with no major adverse effects reported. PICO Description Population Adults with a body mass index (BMI) of 40–50 kg/m² undergoing elective laparoscopic bariatric surgery under general anesthesia. Intervention Driving pressure-guided ventilation during surgery, with individualized PEEP titrated to achieve the lowest driving pressure following a lung recruitment maneuver. Comparison Conventional lung-protective ventilation using a fixed PEEP of 5 cmH₂O throughout surgery…
Summary: In adults aged 18–77 with prediabetes or diabetes not using insulin and low physical activity, a recruitment strategy combining electronic health records (EHR) identification with phone follow-up significantly enhanced enrollment rates into a physical activity trial compared to passive electronic or mailed invitations alone, though it was associated with reduced participation among men, Hispanic individuals, and Spanish speakers. PICO Description Population Adults aged 18–77 years with prediabetes or diabetes not using insulin and reporting low physical activity levels. Intervention Recruitment using EHR-based eligibility screening followed by telephone follow-up (up to five contact attempts). Comparison Individuals receiving only mail or…