Summary: In women with type 2 diabetes, oral sitagliptin therapy for 52 weeks significantly preserved total proximal femur bone mineral density (BMD) T score compared to placebo treatment, though it was associated with no major adverse events and only mild to moderate side effects equally distributed across groups. PICO Description Population Women with type 2 diabetes on stable metformin monotherapy and glycemic control, recruited from outpatient clinics in Italy. Intervention Oral sitagliptin therapy for 52 weeks, evaluated for effects on bone mineral density and bone metabolism. Comparison Placebo group receiving identical capsules over 52 weeks; both groups continued background metformin…
Author: FWA
Summary: In young adults aged 18–35 years with overweight and obesity in Dhaka, Bangladesh, a calorie-restriction (CR) diet based on South Asian food patterns significantly reduced body weight and BMI compared to an ad libitum control group following no dietary counseling, though it was associated with no reported side effects. PICO Description Population Young adults aged 18–35 years with overweight or obesity, living in Dhaka city, Bangladesh (n=120). Intervention Calorie-restriction (CR) diet using the local South Asian dietary pattern for 8 weeks, combined with motivational support and meal planning. Comparison Control group followed an unrestricted (ad libitum) diet without any…
Summary: In individuals with type 2 diabetes, flaxseed oil supplementation (FOS) significantly reduced platelet hyperaggregability compared to placebo (safflower oil supplementation), though it was associated with no other significant improvements in the cluster of seven metabolic and inflammatory risk factors, and no influence from apolipoprotein E genotype. PICO Description Population Thirty-two adults with well-controlled type 2 diabetes participating in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Intervention Flaxseed oil supplementation (FOS) administered between study visits in a controlled clinical setting. Comparison Safflower oil supplementation (SOS) as placebo control. Outcome FOS resulted in a statistically significant reduction in platelet aggregability compared to SOS, with…
Summary: In patients with chronic diabetic foot ulcers, topical application of Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell (WJ-MSC) exosomes significantly accelerated complete wound healing compared to standard of care alone or standard of care with placebo (CMC vehicle), though it was associated with no significant adverse events, indicating a favorable safety profile. PICO Description Population Adults (n=110) diagnosed with chronic non-healing diabetic foot ulcers. Intervention Weekly topical application of Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (WJ-MSC Exos) combined with standard wound care for 4 weeks. Comparison Standard of care alone (Control group) and standard of care plus carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) placebo…
Summary: In adult patients with type 2 diabetes, implementation of the CAPDCA (collection-assessment-plan-do-check-aggrandizement) personalized education model significantly improved glycemic control, medication adherence, and quality of life compared to traditional diabetes education programs, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adult patients with type 2 diabetes attending community health centers in Beijing, China. Intervention The CAPDCA model — a structured, iterative, and personalized patient education framework implemented over 18 months through 11 follow-up visits. Comparison Traditional diabetes education provided in standard formats at community health centers, without personalization or iterative feedback. Outcome Significant improvements in HbA1c…
Summary: In pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), including culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) and non-CALD populations, a low-intensity, individualized, culturally tailored dietary intervention significantly improved adherence and satisfaction with dietary changes compared to standard care, though it was associated with no notable adverse effects. PICO Description Population Pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), including those identifying as culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) and non-CALD. Intervention Individualized, culturally tailored dietary advice delivered as a low-intensity dietary intervention from 26–32 weeks’ gestation to near delivery. Comparison Standard antenatal care not specifically tailored for cultural or individual dietary needs.…
Summary: In Thai adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus on metformin monotherapy, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis TISTR 2591 (BA-2591) supplementation significantly improved fasting glycemia, insulin resistance, β-cell function, and select immune parameters compared to placebo over a 6-week intervention period (1 × 109 CFU/g/day), following a crossover design, though it was associated with no significant adverse effects or changes in body composition. PICO Description Population Forty-four Thai adults (aged 35–65 years) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, receiving metformin monotherapy. Intervention Oral administration of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis TISTR 2591 (BA-2591) at a dose of 1 × 109 CFU/g/day for…
Summary: In individuals at increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) planning pregnancy, a preconception lifestyle intervention involving time-restricted eating and exercise did not significantly reduce neonatal birth weight or body composition outcomes compared to standard care controls, though it was associated with no adverse effects. PICO Description Population Individuals (N=167) at elevated risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), planning pregnancy, and enrolled in the BEFORE THE BEGINNING randomized controlled trial. Intervention A lifestyle program initiated before conception and maintained during pregnancy, including time-restricted eating (≤10 h/day, ≥5 days/week) and physical activity targeting ≥100 weekly Personal Activity Intelligence (PAI) points.…
Summary: In Chinese American adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), the culturally and linguistically tailored Chinese American Research and Education (CARE) program significantly improved diabetes self-efficacy, reduced diabetes distress, and enhanced adherence to dietary self-care activities compared to a waitlist control group, though it was associated with no reported significant adverse effects. PICO Description Population Chinese American adults aged 18–70 years with type 2 diabetes and a baseline HbA1c ≥7%, predominantly with limited English proficiency and low educational attainment. Intervention The CARE program, including 12 weeks of culturally and linguistically tailored diabetes self-care education videos (delivered via WeChat) and biweekly…
Summary: In women with obesity, photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy significantly enhanced resting energy expenditure (+9.3%) and improved flexibility and perceived exertion compared to a sham control (SHAM) using the same exposure protocol without active light, though it was associated with increased skin temperature, especially on the back, but no adverse effects were reported. PICO Description Population Sixteen women with obesity (BMI: 36 ± 4 kg/m²; age: 43 ± 5 years), compared with 16 sedentary normal-weight women serving as a control group. Intervention Photobiomodulation (PBM) using red (633-660 nm) and near-infrared (850-940 nm) light applied to both front and back for 12…