A small mechanistic trial in youth-onset type 2 diabetes finds metformin and liraglutide shift gut bacteria and bile acids; bile-acid metabolites, not microbiota shifts, track with glucose. PICO summary and commentary.
Browsing: Therapeutics
Drug-class and individual-agent evidence: GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, and the major trials behind semaglutide, tirzepatide, and related therapies.
A clamp study finds tirzepatide preserves the glucagon defence against hypoglycaemia but delays cortisol/noradrenaline and lowers symptom scores, while awareness is unchanged. PICO summary and commentary.
A lipidomics analysis from the randomised EmDia trial finds empagliflozin remodels plasma lipids in type 2 diabetes, raising beneficial LPCs but also harmful ceramides. PICO summary and commentary.
Summary: In adults with HFpEF (EF ≥50%), obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m²), stratified by presence or absence of type 2 diabetes…
A prespecified SUMMIT analysis finds tirzepatide reduces heart-failure events in obese HFpEF regardless of diabetes status, despite less weight loss with diabetes. PICO summary and commentary.
A phase-3 secondary analysis finds enavogliflozin lowers leptin independent of weight in type 2 diabetes, while the adiponectin rise was weight-dependent. PICO summary and commentary.
The 4-year DAPAHEART follow-up finds dapagliflozin raises coronary flow reserve by 34% and reduces epicardial fat, apparently independent of weight loss. PICO summary and commentary.
📚 Part of the GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Trial Guide — every landmark trial in one place. Clinical Context GLP-1 receptor…
A prespecified DARE-19 analysis found dapagliflozin was safe and well tolerated in hospitalised COVID-19 patients regardless of type 2 diabetes status, with no demonstrated efficacy benefit. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A double-blind RCT finds empagliflozin gives broader cardiometabolic benefit than sitagliptin or metformin as add-on therapy in type 2 diabetes. PICO summary and commentary.