Evidence summaries and landmark trials across type 1, type 2, prevention, glycaemic control, complications, and diabetes technology.
A crossover RCT finds a specific Bifidobacterium animalis probiotic blunts the rise in glucose and insulin resistance and raises immunoglobulins in type 2 diabetes, with modest adjunctive benefit. PICO summary and commentary.
A 2-year pragmatic open-label trial finds once-weekly semaglutide modestly outperforms physician-chosen alternatives on HbA1c targets, with a year-1 weight advantage that fades by year 2. PICO summary and commentary.
A 52-week phase III RCT finds sitagliptin preserves hip bone density in women with type 2 diabetes, which declines on placebo, but with no effect at other sites. PICO summary and commentary.
An RCT finds an interdisciplinary care model with family empowerment improves blood pressure, glucose, and psychosocial outcomes in comorbid hypertension and diabetes. PICO summary and commentary.
An RCT finds adding ezetimibe to metformin raises PPAR-gamma and adiponectin expression and improves insulin resistance in diabetic fatty liver disease, though endpoints are surrogate. PICO summary and commentary.
An early RCT finds weekly Wharton's jelly stem cell-derived exosomes markedly accelerate diabetic foot ulcer healing versus standard care, though the therapy remains investigational. PICO summary and commentary.
A phase-1 crossover study in healthy Korean volunteers found a fixed-dose enavogliflozin/gemigliptin combination pharmacokinetically equivalent to the separate tablets, with food delaying only the time to peak. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A multicentre RCT finds adding orlistat to pioglitazone and metformin improves weight, visceral fat, and insulin sensitivity in obese type 2 diabetes, but not HbA1c. PICO summary and commentary.
An RCT finds intraoperative dexmedetomidine reduces glucose variability, insulin requirements, and CRP in diabetic off-pump CABG patients, though endpoints are surrogate. PICO summary and commentary.
A phase 2 RCT finds placenta-derived cell therapy (PDA-002) for diabetic foot ulcers works best at the lowest dose and in the peripheral-artery-disease subgroup, a dose- and subgroup-specific signal. PICO summary and commentary.
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