Evidence summaries and landmark trials across type 1, type 2, prevention, glycaemic control, complications, and diabetes technology.
In QWINT-3, once-weekly insulin efsitora alfa was non-inferior to once-daily degludec for HbA1c lowering in basal-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, with comparable hypoglycaemia. PICO summary and expert commentary.
QWINT-4 phase 3 trial: once-weekly insulin efsitora alfa was non-inferior to daily glargine U100 for HbA1c in basal-prandial-treated type 2 diabetes. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A 10-week whole-food plant-based community programme produced significant between-group weight loss but no significant glycaemic or lipid change in this small New Zealand RCT. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A post hoc analysis of the DIVERSITY-CVR trial tests whether baseline ALT predicts differential HbA1c and time-in-range responses to dapagliflozin versus sitagliptin in type 2 diabetes. PICO summary and expert commentary.
An early-phase trial of the GLP-1/FGF21 dual agonist HEC88473 reported dose-proportional liver fat reduction and improved glycaemic control over 5 weeks in patients with MASLD and type 2 diabetes. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A small randomized crossover study in eight adults with type 1 diabetes on automated insulin delivery found that splitting isomaltulose into smaller servings during exercise produced steadier plasma glucose than a single pre-exercise serving. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A 12-week four-arm randomised trial in 36 male recreational athletes found that combined diet plus exercise improved body composition and glycaemic markers, with small effect sizes. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A secondary analysis of the VA NEPHRON-D cohort found that higher baseline urinary EGF and uromodulin were independently associated with a lower risk of diabetic kidney disease progression. PICO summary and expert commentary.
Once-weekly fixed-dose insulin efsitora was noninferior to once-daily glargine for HbA1c reduction over 52 weeks in insulin-naive type 2 diabetes, with less hypoglycaemia. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A 16-week randomized trial found combined training lowered GLP-1 and amylin and raised DPP-4 in adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight, without a demonstrated glycaemic benefit. PICO summary and expert commentary.
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