Diabetes and glycaemic-control evidence summaries covering HbA1c, glucose monitoring, medication comparisons, hypoglycaemia, patient-reported outcomes, and clinical interpretation.
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial demonstrated that intensive insulin therapy targeting near-normal blood glucose reduced the risk of developing retinopathy by 76% in primary prevention and slowed progression by 54% in secondary intervention, while also substantially reducing nephropathy and neuropathy, establishing the foundational evidence for tight glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes.
An RCT finds Bluetooth glucometers match traditional meters on HbA1c during telehealth insulin titration but cut ED visits. PICO summary and expert commentary for clinicians.
An RCT reports resistance exercise plus metformin improves glycaemic control and sleep quality in elderly type 2 diabetes with sleep disorders. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A pilot RCT finds prebiotic inulin enriches SCFA-producing gut bacteria but does not improve HbA1c in Indian children with type 1 diabetes. PICO summary and expert commentary.
An RCT finds a short metformin course after antenatal betamethasone lowers maternal glucose and halves neonatal hypoglycaemia. PICO summary and expert commentary for clinicians.
An RCT finds low-dose dexmedetomidine steadies perioperative glucose in diabetic surgery while higher doses worsen it. PICO summary and expert commentary for clinicians.
A cluster RCT finds a structured personalised education model markedly improves glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes, though intensity limits generalisability. PICO summary and commentary.
A feasibility analysis finds a culturally tailored dietary intervention engages diverse women with gestational diabetes equally, but does not change measured intake. PICO summary and commentary.
A crossover RCT finds a specific probiotic strain modestly improves fasting glycaemia and beta-cell indices in metformin-treated type 2 diabetes. PICO summary and expert commentary.
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