A small RCT finds home-based diabetes self-management education using Orem's self-care model improves glucose, HbA1c, lipids, blood pressure, and self-care over six weeks. PICO summary and commentary.
An observational ACCORD analysis finds higher weight-adjusted waist index is independently associated with more cardiovascular events, heart failure, and mortality in type 2 diabetes, outperforming BMI. PICO summary and commentary.
The SURPASS-CVOT trial finds tirzepatide noninferior but not superior to dulaglutide for major cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes, confirming both incretin therapies are cardioprotective. PICO summary and commentary.
The NAFLDiet trial finds both a low-carb high-PUFA diet and a healthy Nordic diet reduce liver fat versus usual care, but only the Nordic diet also improves weight, HbA1c, triglycerides, and inflammation. PICO summary and commentary.
An open-label RCT finds combining metformin and liraglutide reduces weight, visceral fat, and free testosterone more than metformin alone in PCOS, with a rat study suggesting a gut-microbiota mechanism. PICO summary and commentary.
A small crossover study finds a high-carb diet shifts exercise fuel toward carbohydrate, while low-carb diets give more time in euglycaemia and less hyperglycaemia around fasted exercise in type 1 diabetes. PICO summary and commentary.
A small 4-week RCT finds L-citrulline 6 g/day improves endothelial function, leg arterial stiffness, and glucose in type 2 diabetes, in both fasted and acute-hyperglycaemic states. PICO summary and commentary.
A 12-week RCT finds both combined training and HIIT improve glucose, body composition, and quality of life in type 2 diabetes, with HIIT favouring fasting glucose and combined training favouring insulin resistance and wellbeing. PICO summary and commentary.
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