Summary: In adults undergoing total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease including symptomatic nodular goitre or Graves’ disease (n=62), preoperative supplementation with calcium carbonate 500 mg three times daily and magnesium carbonate 300 mg once daily for 2 weeks before surgery modestly improved postoperative quality of life with earlier recovery in Graves’ disease patients and numerically reduced hypocalcemia rates (19.4% vs 25%) compared to standard care without preoperative supplementation, though it was associated with non-statistically significant differences in hypoparathyroidism rates (16% vs 23%) and no correlation between baseline vitamin D deficiency and hypocalcemia risk. PICO Description Population Adults (n=62) undergoing total…
Author: FWA
Summary: In overweight children aged 9-12 years with BMI ≥ 23 kg/m² (n=90, equal gender representation), high-intensity interval training (100-120% maximal aerobic speed) combined with structured dietary intervention designed by a registered dietitian over 9 weeks significantly improved body composition, cardiovascular function, blood lipid profiles, and endothelial cell markers with the greatest reductions in BMI, fat mass, and waist circumference compared to either HIIT alone without diet or moderate-intensity continuous training (60-80% MAS) for 9 weeks, though it was associated with no notable adverse effects, demonstrating safety and synergistic benefits of combined intervention. PICO Description Population Ninety overweight children aged…
Summary: In occupational men aged 25-59 years with metabolic syndrome working at an industrial site, a 6-month canteen-based dietary intervention including healthy lunch provision plus personalized dietary advice and health education significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C, waist circumference, and BMI while improving HDL-C, with a 30.4% reduction in metabolic syndrome prevalence compared to a control group receiving only health education without canteen meal modification, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects, demonstrating the effectiveness and safety of workplace dietary interventions. PICO Description Population Occupational men aged 25-59 years diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, employed at Shengli…
Summary: In obese adult men (n=44) randomly assigned to exercise or control groups, 12-week supervised interventions of continuous aerobic training, Tabata, or high-intensity interval training (HIIT) performed 3 sessions per week for 60 minutes significantly reduced weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and circulating hepatokine levels including fetuin-B, FGF-21, FGL-1, and selenoprotein P compared to a non-exercising control group, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects, with Tabata and HIIT showing the most pronounced hepatokine modulation. PICO Description Population 44 obese adult men randomly assigned to four groups: control, endurance training (ET), Tabata, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Intervention…
Summary: In healthy male participants aged 18-65 years with overweight or obesity (BMI 25.0-34.9 kg/m²), including Japanese and non-Asian individuals, single ascending subcutaneous doses of zalfermin (2-180 mg), a novel long-acting FGF21 analog demonstrated dose-proportional pharmacokinetics with approximately 120-hour half-life and significant improvements in plasma lipid profiles compared to placebo, though it was associated with mild to moderate gastrointestinal adverse events at higher doses, with no serious adverse events or deaths. PICO Description Population Healthy male participants (n=98) aged 18-65 years with BMI of 25.0-34.9 kg/m², including both Japanese and non-Asian individuals to assess cross-ethnic pharmacokinetics. Intervention Single subcutaneous doses…
Summary: In adults with metabolic syndrome, a diet substituting animal protein with 70% plant-based protein significantly improved anthropometric indices, reduced blood pressure and atherogenic indices, and increased adropin levels compared to a diet with 70% animal-based protein, with no statistically significant difference in overall MetS component changes between groups. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS), mean age approximately 44 years. Intervention A diet composed of 70% plant-based protein and 30% animal-based protein over a 10-week period, under slight calorie restriction. Comparison A corresponding diet with the reverse proportion: 70% animal-based protein and 30% plant-based protein, also under…
Summary: In patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) receiving home healthcare, telemedicine-based home healthcare interventions focusing on wound management and patient self-care education significantly promoted wound healing and improved self-management behaviour compared to conventional outpatient face-to-face care in clinical settings, though it was associated with no major reported adverse effects, with suggestions for further app development to optimize care delivery. PICO Description Population Patients diagnosed with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) receiving home healthcare, representing individuals requiring ongoing wound management who may face barriers to frequent clinic visits. Intervention Telemedicine-based home healthcare interventions incorporating remote wound assessment, patient self-care education, and…
Summary: In patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) enrolled in the Phase III VISTA trial (n=443 eyes), intravitreal aflibercept injections (IAI) administered with machine learning-enabled OCT segmentation analysis over 100 weeks significantly improved ellipsoid zone (EZ) integrity and reduced retinal fluid volume compared to laser photocoagulation treatment, though it was associated with potential injection-related adverse events such as intraocular inflammation and elevated intraocular pressure. PICO Description Population Patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) enrolled in the Phase III VISTA trial, representing individuals with vision-threatening diabetic eye disease requiring intervention. Intervention Intravitreal aflibercept injections (IAI) with longitudinal assessment using a machine…
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, finerenone (a non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist) administered according to study protocol significantly reduced albuminuria but did not alter arterial stiffness as measured by pulse wave velocity compared to placebo control with standard care, though it was associated with potential hyperkalemia requiring monitoring, with renal benefits attributed to reduction in intraglomerular pressure rather than vascular effects. PICO Description Population Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, representing a high-risk population for both cardiovascular and renal disease progression. Intervention Finerenone, a non-steroidal selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, administered…
Summary: In patients with complex diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) involving exposed bone, tendon, muscle, and/or joint capsule with controlled osteomyelitis (N=118), adjunctive cryopreserved ultra-thick human amniotic membrane derived from umbilical cord (cUC) applied at baseline and reapplied every ≥4 weeks if healing stalled for up to 4 applications demonstrated comparable healing rates at 26 weeks (66.1% vs 59.8%, p=0.40) and 50 weeks (77.1% vs 71.6%, p=0.29) with trend toward higher long-term healing compared to standard of care alone including surgical debridement, bone resection, wound dressings, offloading, and 6-week systemic antibiotics, with comparable adverse event rates (89.8% vs 87.3%). PICO Description…