The Look AHEAD trial demonstrated that intensive lifestyle intervention targeting weight loss in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes did not reduce cardiovascular events over 9.6 years despite clear differences in weight, fitness, and glycaemic control, establishing a critical negative result that informed the rationale for pharmacological obesity treatment with greater weight loss efficacy.
Browsing: Diabetes
Evidence summaries and landmark trials across type 1, type 2, prevention, glycaemic control, complications, and diabetes technology.
The REWIND trial demonstrated that dulaglutide reduces 3-point MACE in a broad type 2 diabetes population of which 69% had no established cardiovascular disease, with a significant 24% reduction in nonfatal stroke and consistent renal benefit, extending GLP-1 receptor agonist cardiovascular protection into a primary prevention context.
The SUSTAIN-6 trial demonstrated that once-weekly semaglutide reduced 3-point MACE by 26% in high-cardiovascular-risk type 2 diabetes, driven primarily by a significant 39% reduction in nonfatal stroke, while identifying a retinopathy complication signal attributable to rapid glucose lowering in patients with pre-existing retinopathy.
The LEADER trial demonstrated that liraglutide significantly reduced 3-point MACE and cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk, becoming the first GLP-1 receptor agonist CVOT to demonstrate superiority and characterising an atherosclerotic rather than heart failure protection profile distinct from SGLT2 inhibitors.
DAPA-CKD demonstrated that dapagliflozin reduced the composite of a sustained 50% or greater eGFR decline, end-stage kidney disease, or renal or cardiovascular death by 39% in patients with albuminuric CKD with or without type 2 diabetes, extending nephroprotective SGLT2 inhibition beyond diabetic nephropathy to a broad CKD population for the first time.
A four-arm RCT finds combining training with a polyphenol supplement improves prediabetes markers most, with exercise the main driver. PICO summary and expert commentary.
An RCT finds the AntiAGE-Biom probiotic does not lower HbA1c but shows a subgroup body-composition signal in type 2 diabetes. PICO summary and expert commentary.
An RCT finds Chester Step Test-guided post-dinner exercise lowers postprandial glucose and variability in type 2 diabetes on exercise days. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A quasi-experimental study finds print-based education improves self-care in type 2 diabetes patients in Nigeria, without measuring glycaemic outcomes. PICO summary and commentary.
A recruitment analysis finds men, Hispanics, and Spanish speakers underenrol at every step of a diabetes exercise trial despite active outreach. PICO summary and commentary.