Clinical evidence summaries for type 2 diabetes, including glycaemic therapies, cardiovascular outcomes, kidney protection, complications, technology, obesity, and long-term safety.
PIONEER 11, a 26-week Phase IIIa trial, found oral semaglutide monotherapy lowered HbA1c across all doses and reduced body weight at 7 mg and 14 mg versus placebo in a predominantly Chinese type 2 diabetes population. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A 12-week pilot randomised trial in 30 adults with type 2 diabetes compared a very-low calorie diet, semaglutide, and their combination on weight, body composition, and beta-cell function. PICO summary and expert commentary.
In the FLOW randomised controlled trial, weekly semaglutide reduced major kidney disease events and cardiovascular death in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A prespecified FLOW subgroup analysis tested whether semaglutide's kidney and cardiovascular benefit held with or without baseline SGLT2 inhibitor use in type 2 diabetes and CKD. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A phase 1 trial characterising oral semaglutide pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and tolerability in 32 healthy Chinese adults. PICO summary and expert commentary.
In the FLOW trial, once-weekly semaglutide lowered major kidney disease events by 24% in type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A post hoc analysis of the SURPASS-2 phase 3 trial comparing tirzepatide and semaglutide on HOMA2 markers of beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A post hoc analysis of the SURPASS program found tirzepatide produced similar HbA1c, weight, and cardiometabolic improvements whether type 2 diabetes was diagnosed before or after age 40. PICO summary and expert commentary.
STEP-HFpEF DM: once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg improved symptoms, weight, and exercise capacity versus placebo in obese, diabetic patients with HFpEF. PICO summary and expert commentary.
A phase 2b trial of the GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist cotadutide showed dose-dependent reductions in albuminuria in type 2 diabetes with CKD. PICO summary and expert commentary.
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