Summary:
In obese postmenopausal women, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) combined with mindfulness breathing significantly reduced sex hormones, insulin resistance, lipid parameters, and tumor biomarkers compared to standard medication-only treatment, though it was associated with no significant adverse effects reported.
| PICO | Description |
|---|---|
| Population | Seventy obese postmenopausal women aged 55–65 years with a BMI of 35–44.9 kg/m2. |
| Intervention | A 12-week program combining high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and mindfulness breathing, in addition to standard medication. |
| Comparison | Control group receiving standard medication only, without the HIIT or mindfulness intervention. |
| Outcome | The intervention group showed statistically significant reductions (p < 0.001) in weight, BMI, free and total testosterone, estradiol, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, triglycerides, TC/HDL ratio, CEA, and CA125. Increases in SHBG and HDL were also observed. The control group experienced worsening in these markers. |
Source: Ebtesam N Nagy, et al. “High-intensity Interval Training and Mindfulness Breathing Induce Hormonal, Metabolic, and Anticarcinogenic Effects in Obese Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.” Read article here.
