Summary: In well-controlled type 2 diabetes (HbA1c <7.5%), the AntiAGE-Biom probiotic over 3 months did not significantly lower HbA1c but improved body composition, with reduced fat and increased skeletal muscle mass concentrated in men and those with higher baseline HbA1c.
PICO Summary
| Element | Detail |
|---|---|
| Population | 40 adults with type 2 diabetes on stable therapy, HbA1c <7.5% (20 per arm). |
| Intervention | AntiAGE-Biom probiotic daily for 3 months, added to existing antidiabetic therapy. |
| Comparison | Placebo under the same conditions. |
| Outcome | Non-significant trend toward lower HbA1c (primary endpoint not met). Significant body-composition gains (less fat, more skeletal muscle) in men and in those with baseline HbA1c ≥6.5%. No adverse effects. |
Expert Commentary
I have to start with the primary endpoint, because that is where honesty lives in a trial like this: HbA1c did not improve significantly, so whatever else is claimed, this is not a glucose-lowering therapy. What remains is a secondary body-composition signal, less fat and more muscle, and even that was concentrated in subgroups, men and those with higher baseline HbA1c, which is precisely the kind of post-hoc slicing that generates false positives in a 40-person study. I am unsurprised by the glycaemic null, since the probiotic literature in diabetes is mixed and modest at best, and no guideline endorses these agents. The body-composition finding is intriguing but I would not build anything on it. Can I use this with my patients? Not as a treatment. If a well-controlled patient wants to try a probiotic it is low-risk, but I would be clear it will not lower their sugars and that the muscle-and-fat claim rests on fragile subgroup data. Resistance exercise, diet, and weight management remain the proven drivers of body composition. I would want a larger trial powered for body composition as a primary endpoint before saying more.
References
Shestakova EA, Nosova AV, Dzgoeva FK, et al. The effect of AntiAGE-Biom probiotic on metabolic features in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Ter Arkh. 2025;97(10):859–866. doi:10.26442/00403660.2025.10.203462