| PICO | Description |
|---|---|
| Population | Adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (HbA1c >7.5% and elevated cardiovascular risk factors) in China. |
| Intervention | Mobile message-based intervention designed to promote better self-management of diabetes and cardiovascular health through educational and motivational text messaging. |
| Comparison | Usual care, which consisted of standard medical and dietary recommendations without mobile intervention support. |
| Outcome | The mobile intervention was associated with modest reductions in HbA1c (-0.4%) and systolic blood pressure (-3.8 mmHg) compared to usual care. There were no significant adverse effects, but adherence to app use was variable among participants. |
RCT
JAMA Netw Open · 2025
Mobile App Intervention in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes
RCT · uncontrolled type 2 diabetes · 12 months
Trial design
Between-group effect (95% CI)
HbA1c
-0.3%
net diff (95% CI -0.5 to -0.0)
SBP
-2.4 mmHg
net diff (95% CI -4.3 to -0.4)
HbA1c controlled
54.0% vs 46.1%
app vs usual care (P=.04)
LDL-C
+0.9 mg/dL
net diff (NS)
⬡ Bottom Line
A mobile message-based intervention produced modest but significant net reductions in HbA1c and systolic blood pressure versus usual care over 12 months, with no significant effect on LDL-C.
P
Population
Adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in China
I
Intervention
Mobile message-based intervention (6 motivational text messages per week) for 12 months
C
Comparator
Usual care with standard medical and dietary recommendations
O
Outcome
Mean change in HbA1c, LDL-C and SBP over 12 months; proportion with controlled HbA1c