Summary: In overweight or obese adults aged 18–50 years, a standardized 60 mL daily hibiscus-inulin (HIB-INU) shot significantly reduced composite lipid-glucose indices (AIP and TyG) compared to a sensory-matched placebo, though it was associated with no significant effects on blood pressure parameters or reported adverse events. PICO Description Population Adults aged 18–50 years with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m², indicating overweight or obesity (n = 100). Intervention Daily 60 mL shot of LC-MS-standardized Hibiscus-inulin (HIB-INU) beverage for 8 weeks. Comparison Sensory-matched placebo beverage taken daily over the same 8-week period. Outcome Significant reductions in Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP: -0.09; 95%…
Author: FWA
Summary: In adults with type 2 diabetes, Dibifree, a dietary phytomix (15 g/day) significantly improved glycemic control and reduced adiposity compared to placebo, though it was associated with mild gastrointestinal side effects. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes participating in a 7-month randomized controlled trial. Intervention Dibifree dietary phytomix administered at 15 g/day as an add-on treatment. Comparison Placebo administered under identical conditions. Outcome Dibifree significantly improved glycemic control as evidenced by reductions in HbA1c and fasting glucose, as well as decreased adiposity measured by body fat composition. The intervention modulated the gut-pancreas-adipose-immune axis. Mild gastrointestinal side…
Summary: In pregnant individuals diagnosed with hyperglycemia during pregnancy (N=20) enrolled in a randomized controlled pilot trial, a 5-week behavioral physical activity intervention focusing on unsupervised walking or stepping delivered remotely via weekly 10-20 minute coaching sessions significantly maintained self-reported moderate-intensity physical activity levels (walking/running: +0.22 MET h/week vs -0.70 in controls) with promising improvements in neonatal birthweight-for-gestational age and subscapular skinfold compared to a general wellness control group receiving remote counseling without physical activity, diet, or metabolism guidance, though it was associated with no adverse events and excellent participant ratings (100% rating as excellent or very good). PICO Description…
Summary: In adults participating in the He Rourou Whai Painga randomized controlled dietary trial, a smartphone-based dietary assessment application using computer vision to estimate energy intake from food images over 7 days showed energy intake estimates comparable to validated 24-hour dietary recall methods (mean bias 783 kJ, p=0.33, not significant) compared to two 24-hour dietary recalls and estimated energy expenditure measured by indirect calorimetry and accelerometry, though it was associated with underestimation compared to objectively measured energy expenditure (mean bias -1814 kJ for app, -1715 kJ for recall), similar to the inherent underreporting seen with traditional methods. PICO Description Population…
Summary: In patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (n=103, mean age 50.8±12.8 years, 49 males), an improved ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation protocol involving parathyroidal circumferential hydrodissection, short electrode, low-power settings, and intra-nodular ablation (n=53) significantly increased clinical success rates (94.97% vs 89.07%) and reduced recurrent laryngeal nerve-related hoarseness (5.7% vs 18%) with faster recovery (1.63 vs 2.75 months) compared to conventional ultrasound-guided RFA protocol without hydrodissection or modified parameters (n=50), though it was associated with mild transient hoarseness in a small proportion of patients that resolved more quickly than with conventional technique. PICO Description Population Patients (n=103) with secondary hyperparathyroidism (mean age 50.8±12.8…
Summary: In sedentary postmenopausal women (mean age 56.7 ± 4 years) following a high-fat meal, both high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) performed the day before the meal significantly reduced postprandial triglyceride levels with no significant differences between exercise intensities compared to no exercise (rest condition) prior to the high-fat meal, though HIIT was associated with higher perceived exertion and heart rate than MIIT, suggesting MIIT may offer similar metabolic benefits with better tolerability. PICO Description Population Sedentary postmenopausal women aged approximately 56.7 ± 4 years, representing a population at elevated cardiovascular risk due to estrogen deficiency…
Summary: In adults undergoing total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease including symptomatic nodular goitre or Graves’ disease (n=62), preoperative supplementation with calcium carbonate 500 mg three times daily and magnesium carbonate 300 mg once daily for 2 weeks before surgery modestly improved postoperative quality of life with earlier recovery in Graves’ disease patients and numerically reduced hypocalcemia rates (19.4% vs 25%) compared to standard care without preoperative supplementation, though it was associated with non-statistically significant differences in hypoparathyroidism rates (16% vs 23%) and no correlation between baseline vitamin D deficiency and hypocalcemia risk. PICO Description Population Adults (n=62) undergoing total…
Summary: In overweight children aged 9-12 years with BMI ≥ 23 kg/m² (n=90, equal gender representation), high-intensity interval training (100-120% maximal aerobic speed) combined with structured dietary intervention designed by a registered dietitian over 9 weeks significantly improved body composition, cardiovascular function, blood lipid profiles, and endothelial cell markers with the greatest reductions in BMI, fat mass, and waist circumference compared to either HIIT alone without diet or moderate-intensity continuous training (60-80% MAS) for 9 weeks, though it was associated with no notable adverse effects, demonstrating safety and synergistic benefits of combined intervention. PICO Description Population Ninety overweight children aged…
Summary: In occupational men aged 25-59 years with metabolic syndrome working at an industrial site, a 6-month canteen-based dietary intervention including healthy lunch provision plus personalized dietary advice and health education significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C, waist circumference, and BMI while improving HDL-C, with a 30.4% reduction in metabolic syndrome prevalence compared to a control group receiving only health education without canteen meal modification, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects, demonstrating the effectiveness and safety of workplace dietary interventions. PICO Description Population Occupational men aged 25-59 years diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, employed at Shengli…
Summary: In obese adult men (n=44) randomly assigned to exercise or control groups, 12-week supervised interventions of continuous aerobic training, Tabata, or high-intensity interval training (HIIT) performed 3 sessions per week for 60 minutes significantly reduced weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and circulating hepatokine levels including fetuin-B, FGF-21, FGL-1, and selenoprotein P compared to a non-exercising control group, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects, with Tabata and HIIT showing the most pronounced hepatokine modulation. PICO Description Population 44 obese adult men randomly assigned to four groups: control, endurance training (ET), Tabata, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Intervention…