Summary: In individuals with type 2 diabetes, the Vyntus CPX metabolic cart system significantly demonstrated comparable reliability and measurement consistency compared to the Vmax Encore 29N system, though it was associated with minor device-specific measurement variations. PICO Description Population Adult participants diagnosed with type 2 diabetes enrolled in the German Diabetes Study. Intervention Measurement of whole-body energy metabolism using the Vyntus CPX metabolic cart system via indirect calorimetry. Comparison Measurement using the Vmax Encore 29N metabolic cart system via indirect calorimetry in a randomized crossover design. Outcome Both systems showed high reliability and comparable accuracy for assessing energy metabolism. Minor…
Author: FWA
Summary: In women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), intervention related to management of GDM during pregnancy significantly reduced gestational weight gain and normalized maternal BMI by 3 years postpartum compared to women without GDM, despite higher early pregnancy BMI, though it was associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity in offspring at 3 years of age. PICO Description Population Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy and their offspring assessed up to 3 years postnatally. Intervention GDM management and monitoring during pregnancy including dietary and lifestyle interventions as per the UPBEAT Trial protocol. Comparison Women without gestational diabetes…
Summary: In patients with obesity and cardiovascular disease without diabetes (n=17,604) from the SELECT trial, once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg reduced MACE consistently across all baseline adiposity categories, with only 33% of the benefit mediated through waist circumference reduction compared to placebo, though weight loss magnitude showed no linear relationship with MACE reduction, suggesting cardioprotective mechanisms beyond adiposity. PICO Description Population Patients aged ≥45 years with BMI ≥27 kg/m² and established cardiovascular disease without diabetes (n=17,604) enrolled in SELECT trial across 804 sites in 41 countries. Intervention Once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg. Comparison Placebo injection once weekly (1:1 randomization). Outcome MACE…
Summary: In adults with obesity without type 2 diabetes (n=725) enrolled in the phase 3 SYNCHRONIZE-1 trial across 14 countries, once-weekly survodutide (3.6 or 6.0 mg), a GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist is being evaluated for percent body weight change and ≥5% weight reduction over 76 weeks compared to placebo, with baseline showing mean BMI 37.9 kg/m², 59.4% female, and high comorbidity prevalence (hypertension 40%, dyslipidemia 34%, prediabetes 30%). PICO Description Population Adults aged ≥18 years with BMI ≥30 or ≥27 kg/m² with ≥1 obesity complication, without type 2 diabetes (n=725 from 14 countries). Mean age 47.1 years, BMI 37.9 kg/m², waist…
Summary: In adults with obesity or overweight without type 2 diabetes from SURMOUNT-5, tirzepatide at maximum tolerated dose for 72 weeks showed similar physical health improvements with greater General Health domain improvement (5.45 vs 4.20, p=0.003) compared to semaglutide, though neither treatment significantly improved Mental Component Summary scores. PICO Description Population Adults with obesity or overweight without type 2 diabetes from the SURMOUNT-5 trial who received ≥1 dose of tirzepatide or semaglutide at maximum tolerated doses. Intervention Tirzepatide at maximum tolerated dose for 72 weeks. Comparison Semaglutide at maximum tolerated dose for 72 weeks. Outcome Both treatments improved Physical Component…
Summary: In patients with biopsy-confirmed MASH and fibrosis stage F2-F3 (n=212), once-weekly pemvidutide (1.2 or 1.8 mg), a GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist, for 24 weeks significantly achieved MASH resolution without fibrosis worsening in 52-58% vs 20% with placebo (p<0.0001) compared to placebo, though it was associated with no significant fibrosis improvement at this timepoint and excellent tolerability (0-1% discontinuation). PICO Description Population Patients with biopsy-confirmed MASH and liver fibrosis stage F2 or F3 (n=212) from 83 sites in USA and Australia (IMPACT trial). Intervention Once-weekly subcutaneous pemvidutide (1.2 mg or 1.8 mg), a GLP-1-glucagon dual receptor agonist, administered without dose titration…
Summary: In adults with overweight or obesity following 7-day vancomycin treatment, 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) supplementation for 8 weeks transiently improved gut microbial resilience at 2 weeks and reduced fasting IL-6 at 8 weeks compared to placebo, though it was associated with limited effects on metabolic health outcomes including glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. PICO Description Population Adults with overweight or obesity who received 7-day oral vancomycin treatment, enrolled in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled intervention. Intervention 2′-Fucosyllactose (2′-FL) supplementation for 8 weeks following antibiotic treatment. Comparison Placebo supplementation for 8 weeks following antibiotic treatment. Outcome 2′-FL improved gut microbial resilience at 2…
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin (n=60), adding sitagliptin 100 mg/day to metformin 2000 mg/day for 12 weeks significantly improved fasting glucose, cholesterol, TyG index, and pancreatic β-cell function while reducing IL-1, IL-6, and IL-18 levels compared to metformin alone, with no significant changes in HbA1c or vitamin D3. PICO Description Population Patients with type 2 diabetes (n=60) with inadequate glycemic control on metformin alone, enrolled in a 12-week randomized double-blind trial. Intervention Sitagliptin 100 mg/day + metformin 2000 mg/day for 12 weeks. Comparison Metformin 2000 mg/day alone for 12 weeks. Outcome Sitagliptin + metformin…
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin and glyburide (n=32), sitagliptin add-on therapy for 6 months upregulated six circulating miRNAs involved in insulin signaling and inflammation pathways compared to bedtime NPH insulin (which upregulated four miRNAs), with similar HbA1c reductions but only sitagliptin increasing postprandial GLP-1. PICO Description Population Patients with type 2 diabetes (n=32) inadequately controlled on metformin and glyburide, comparable in age, BMI, diabetes duration, and baseline metabolic variables. Intervention Sitagliptin (DPP-4 inhibitor) add-on therapy for 6 months. Comparison Bedtime NPH insulin add-on therapy for 6 months. Outcome Both treatments reduced HbA1c similarly. Sitagliptin…
Summary: In adults with type 2 diabetes (n=40), Dibifree dietary phytomix (15 g/day) as add-on therapy significantly reduced HbA1c, fasting/postprandial glucose, and body fat percentage compared to placebo, with mechanistic evidence of GLP-1 enhancement, DPP-4 inhibition, and anti-inflammatory effects. PICO Description Population Adults with type 2 diabetes (n=40) enrolled in a 7-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial in Taiwan. Intervention Dibifree dietary phytomix (15 g/day) as add-on therapy for two 3-month sessions separated by 1-month washout, with placebo recipients switched to Dibifree in second session. Comparison Placebo add-on therapy in crossover design. Outcome Significant reduction in HbA1c, fasting glucose, postprandial…