Summary: In trained adult athletes, short-term low energy availability (LEA; 15 kcal·kg FFM⁻¹·day⁻¹) significantly altered the serum metabolome towards increased fat utilization, enhanced ketogenesis, and reduced circulating triglycerides and amino acids compared to high energy availability (HEA; 40 kcal·kg FFM⁻¹·day⁻¹), achieved with or without exercise, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects in this short-term trial. PICO Description Population Trained adult individuals participating in two randomized controlled trials focused on energy availability levels. Intervention Short-term exposure (3–5 days) to low energy availability (LEA) at 15 kcal·kg FFM⁻¹·day⁻¹, with and without daily aerobic exercise. Comparison High energy availability (HEA)…
Author: FWA
Summary: In patients with chronic, non-healing Wagner Grade 1 diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), borate-based bioactive glass fibre matrix (BBGFM) combined with standard of care (SOC) significantly improved wound healing rates and accelerated ulcer closure compared to standard of care alone over 12 weeks, though it was associated with minor and manageable local adverse events. PICO Description Population Adults with chronic, non-healing Wagner Grade 1 diabetic foot ulcers. Intervention Application of borate-based bioactive glass fibre matrix (BBGFM) in combination with standard of care therapy for 12 weeks. Comparison Standard of care therapy alone over 12 weeks. Outcome BBGFM plus SOC significantly…
Summary: In patients with chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, use of an individualized eHealth chronic disease management module significantly improved glycemic control compared to those receiving standard care without the app, though it was associated with reduced user adherence over time, potentially impacting long-term efficacy. PICO Description Population Adults with chronic conditions, including type 2 diabetes, enrolled in a primary care program (mean age ~66 years). Intervention An individualized eHealth app with a chronic disease management module for tracking health data and facilitating consultations. Comparison Standard care without access to the eHealth chronic disease management module. Outcome After…
Summary: In well-controlled diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing surgery, a single intraoperative dose of dexamethasone did not significantly increase blood glucose levels (did not reach hyperglycemic values >180 mg/dL) compared to placebo, though it was associated with a transient hyperglycemic response without clinical significance and was effective as prophylaxis for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). PICO Description Population Well-controlled diabetic and non-diabetic adult patients undergoing surgery. Intervention Single intraoperative dose of dexamethasone. Comparison Placebo administration during surgery. Outcome Dexamethasone did not cause a clinically significant increase in blood glucose (levels remained below 180 mg/dL), demonstrated effective prophylaxis against postoperative nausea…
Summary: In diabetic and non-diabetic adult surgical patients, a single intraoperative dose of dexamethasone significantly increased postoperative blood glucose levels compared to saline placebo, though it was associated with no cases of hyperglycemia above 180 mg/dL and effective reduction in PONV. PICO Description Population Adult surgical patients including both non-diabetic and well-controlled diabetic individuals undergoing anesthesia. Intervention Administration of a single intraoperative dose of dexamethasone at the induction of anesthesia. Comparison Saline placebo administered at the same time point during anesthesia. Outcome Dexamethasone caused a statistically significant increase in blood glucose levels in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients (P <…
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes, Sanxiao Jiuzhi Gong (SJG) exercise therapy significantly improved blood glucose control and exercise self-efficacy compared to standard care without SJG, though it was associated with some minor exercise-related discomforts. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes receiving standard medical treatment. Intervention Sanxiao Jiuzhi Gong (SJG) exercise therapy added to standard diabetes care. Comparison Standard diabetes care alone without the addition of SJG exercise. Outcome SJG significantly reduced blood glucose levels and enhanced exercise self-efficacy compared to control; minor exercise-related side effects were reported. Source: Xia Zhang, et al. “The effects of…
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), Sanxiao Jiuzhi Gong (SJG) exercise added to standard care significantly improved glycemic control and enhanced exercise self-efficacy compared to standard diabetes care alone, which included diet, psychological support, and aerobic exercise, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 60 participants in total, with no significant baseline differences in glycemic indicators or exercise self-efficacy. Intervention A 12-week Sanxiao Jiuzhi Gong (SJG) intervention added to routine diabetes care, performed three times per week for 45 minutes per session. Comparison Routine…
Summary: In semiprofessional male ultramarathon runners, a single high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation (150,000 IU cholecalciferol) significantly enhanced bone formation and attenuated bone resorption compared to placebo administered 24 hours pre-race, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population 35 semiprofessional male ultramarathon runners participating in a mountain ultramarathon. Intervention A single oral dose of 150,000 IU vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) in vegetable oil given 24 hours before the ultramarathon. Comparison Placebo solution administered 24 hours prior to the ultramarathon in 19 participants. Outcome Supplemented group showed greater increases in 25(OH)D3 serum levels (147.01% vs 84.71%), elevated bone…
Summary: In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus experiencing reduced salivary gland function, low-level laser therapy combined with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) significantly improved salivary flow and modulated the oral microbiome compared to sham treatment controls, though it was associated with minimal side effects and requires further validation. PICO Description Population Patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus exhibiting reduced salivary gland function and associated oral microbiome alterations. Intervention Low-level laser therapy combined with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) applied to salivary glands. Comparison Sham treatment (placebo), involving inactive stimulation with no therapeutic laser or electrical current. Outcome Intervention…
Summary: In individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and reduced salivary flow, physical stimulation therapies including low-level laser therapy (LLLT), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and their combination significantly enhanced stimulated salivary flow and altered salivary microbiome composition compared to pre-treatment baseline saliva measures, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects; however, reductions in minority taxa warrant further investigation. PICO Description Population Individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experiencing reduced salivary flow. Intervention Low-level laser therapy (G1), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (G2), or a combination of both (G3), administered twice weekly over 10 sessions. Comparison Baseline…