Summary: In patients undergoing total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection for differentiated thyroid carcinoma, intraoperative ischemic preconditioning of the parathyroid glands (IPCP) did not significantly reduce postoperative hypoparathyroidism compared to standard surgery without preconditioning, though it was associated with a higher rate of early parathyroid function recovery, which warrants further investigation. PICO Description Population Patients (n = 135) undergoing total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection for differentiated thyroid carcinoma at a single center. Intervention Intraoperative ischemic preconditioning of the parathyroid glands (IPCP), performed by three cycles of 60-second arterial occlusion followed by 60-second reperfusion. Comparison Standard surgical procedure without ischemic…
Author: FWA
The CANVAS Programme demonstrated that canagliflozin reduced major adverse cardiovascular events by 14% in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk, but identified an approximately twofold increase in lower-extremity amputation risk, primarily at the toe or metatarsal level, requiring careful patient selection and monitoring.
The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial demonstrated that empagliflozin reduced cardiovascular death by 38% and heart failure hospitalisation by 35% in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease — the first glucose-lowering agent to show a mortality benefit in a cardiovascular outcomes trial.
Summary: In obese women receiving primary care, a multicomponent, non-caloric-restriction-based intervention (NutrirCom) significantly improved psychoemotional outcomes (reduced anxiety and depression, increased self-compassion) compared to a conventional hypocaloric diet (500–1000 kcal/day), though it was associated with no reported adverse side effects. PICO Description Population Women with obesity enrolled from primary health care units in Viçosa, Brazil (n = 89), experiencing elevated psychoemotional burden. Intervention A multicomponent, person-centered approach (NutrirCom), integrating nutritional, psychoemotional, behavioral, and social interventions without focusing on caloric restriction. Group 2 received individual sessions; Group 3 received both individual sessions and monthly group meetings for social support. Comparison Group…
Summary: In sedentary obese adult men (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²), 12 weeks of combined interval resistance and progressive aerobic training supplemented with fisetin (200 mg/day) significantly reduced pro-inflammatory adipokines (asprosin: −60.71%; MCP-1: −46.50%), improved adiponectin (+27.67%), leptin, and lipid profiles compared to placebo, exercise-alone, or fisetin-alone groups, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Sixty sedentary adult men with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) who were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. Intervention Combined interval resistance-aerobic exercise (3× weekly; 60% 1RM resistance and 50–70% HRmax aerobic activity) plus fisetin supplementation at 200 mg/day for…
Summary: In healthy postmenopausal women, daily intake of yogurt sweetened with clover blossom honey significantly reduced plasma IL-33 levels compared to sugar-sweetened yogurt (isocaloric), though it was associated with no significant changes in IL-23, plasma lipids, bile acids, or fecal SCFAs. PICO Description Population Healthy postmenopausal women aged 45–65 years. Intervention Daily consumption of yogurt (2 × 150 g servings for breakfast) sweetened with one tablespoon of clover blossom honey for four weeks. Comparison Isocaloric yogurt servings sweetened with added sugar (same amount of calories and volume) over a four-week period in a randomized crossover design. Outcome No significant change…
Summary: In individuals with type 2 diabetes and normal BMI, a three-month Chinese Medical Nutrition Therapy (CMNT) involving intermittent energy restriction significantly maintained diabetes remission over three years compared to no intervention (control group), though it was associated with no major reported side effects. PICO Description Population Adults with type 2 diabetes who attained diabetes remission and a normal BMI (below 24 kg/m²) through an initial dietary intervention. Intervention Three-month CMNT consisting of six cycles of five days of 840 kcal/day energy restriction followed by ten days of ad libitum eating, followed by 3 years of self-guided diet per national…
Summary: In women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilisation, vitamin D supplementation (4000 IU/day for up to 90 days) did not significantly improve live birth rates after the first embryo transfer compared to placebo, though it was associated with increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels without notable adverse effects. PICO Description Population Women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing in vitro fertilisation treatment. Intervention Vitamin D supplementation at a dose of 4000 IU per day for up to 90 days prior to IVF. Comparison Placebo administration with no vitamin D supplementation. Outcome Vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin…
Summary: In super-obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), weekly polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe) treatment significantly reduced body weight and improved metabolic outcomes compared to placebo, with greater effects observed at the 400 μg dose versus 300 μg, though it was associated with higher rates of gastrointestinal side effects. PICO Description Population Adults with super-obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus enrolled in a single-center randomized controlled trial. Intervention Weekly subcutaneous injections of polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe) at 300 μg or 400 μg for 24 weeks. Comparison Placebo group receiving weekly injections over the same time frame (24 weeks). Outcome…
Summary: In women living with obesity, exposure to a weight stigmatising experimental paradigm significantly increased plasma cortisol, systolic blood pressure, self-reported stress and hunger, and decreased peptide YY and reported fullness compared to those exposed to a non-weight stigmatising paradigm, though it was associated with no statistically significant differences between groups due to limited sample size. PICO Description Population Adult women living with obesity (n=18; mean BMI = 45.8 kg/m2; mean age 43.2 years) recruited for a randomised feasibility trial. Intervention Exposure to a 15-minute weight stigmatising paradigm designed to induce acute psychological stress related to weight stigma. Comparison Exposure…