Summary: In patients with coronary stenosis proximal to myocardial bridge (MB), intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided stent implantation significantly reduced major adverse cardiac events (MACE), improved stent positioning, and minimized lesion miscoverage and MB intrusion compared to angiography-guided stent implantation, though it was associated with no reported increase in adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults (n=117) diagnosed with coronary artery stenosis located proximal to a myocardial bridge (MB). Intervention IVUS-guided stent implantation (IGSI), enabling real-time vascular imaging for accurate stent placement. Comparison Angiography-guided stent implantation (AGSI), guided solely by fluoroscopic imaging without adjunctive IVUS. Outcome IGSI resulted in significantly fewer MACE at…
Author: FWA
Summary: In primary care patients with overweight or obesity and cardiovascular risk factors, a hybrid health IT and telehealth-delivered lifestyle intervention modestly improved weight loss outcomes and engagement in self-monitoring and resources compared to basic lifestyle support alone, though it was associated with disruptions due to COVID-19 and did not show significant between-group differences in weight loss ≥5%. PICO Description Population Adults receiving primary care in an urban clinic setting, with BMI ≥27 kg/m² and at least one cardiovascular risk factor, enrolled pragmatically via electronic health record outreach. Intervention Customized Lifestyle Support (CLS): basic lifestyle resources plus weekly adaptive EHR…
Summary: In adults with type 2 diabetes in Indian primary healthcare settings, a mobile health intervention led by Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) significantly improved diabetes screening, management, and follow-up rates compared to usual care without technology-enabled ASHA-led support, though it was associated with challenges related to technology adoption and occasional follow-up lapses. PICO Description Population Adults with type 2 diabetes in resource-limited, peri-urban and rural primary health center (PHC) areas in India. Intervention ASHA-led mobile health intervention utilizing technology tools to enhance diabetes screening, education, and follow-up care. Comparison Routine primary health care diabetes management without technology-enabled task-shifting or…
Summary: In adults with type 2 diabetes and comorbid insomnia, remotely delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) significantly improved sleep regularity, reduced anxiety symptoms, and lowered fasting glucose levels (per-protocol analysis) compared to weekly online health education sessions, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects and high satisfaction in both groups. PICO Description Population Adults with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes and clinically diagnosed insomnia. Intervention Eight weekly one-hour online sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI). Comparison Eight weekly one-hour online health education (HE) sessions. Outcome CBTI resulted in improved objective sleep regularity at week 8…
Summary: In adults with type 2 diabetes and comorbid insomnia, remotely-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) significantly improved sleep regularity and reduced anxiety, alongside lowering fasting glucose levels compared to usual care or no CBTI intervention, though it was associated with variability in adherence and no significant adverse effects reported. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus experiencing clinical insomnia. Intervention Remotely-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI), delivered via digital platforms, targeting sleep hygiene and cognitive restructuring. Comparison Usual care without targeted insomnia treatment or waitlist control conditions. Outcome Significant improvements in sleep regularity and…
Summary: In adults with prediabetes in rural Bangladesh, a culturally adapted, mosque-based lifestyle intervention significantly reduced the incidence of type 2 diabetes over 12 months compared to usual care/control, though it was associated with no major reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults with prediabetes residing in rural Bangladesh, predominantly Muslim communities. Intervention A culturally adapted, mosque-based lifestyle intervention program focused on diabetes prevention. Comparison Usual care or no intervention received by control groups within the same communities. Outcome The intervention significantly reduced the incidence of type 2 diabetes over 12 months compared to controls. No significant adverse effects were…
Summary: In adults with prediabetes in rural Bangladesh, a 12-month, mosque-based, faith-integrated lifestyle intervention significantly reduced the incidence of type 2 diabetes by 42.5% compared to usual care (standard health advice with leaflet and referral), though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults aged 25–65 years with prediabetes in rural Bangladesh, identified using glucose tolerance testing per WHO criteria. Intervention A 12-month lifestyle intervention delivered monthly in mosques, integrating Islamic teachings with dietary and physical activity guidance, led by imams and trained female assistants. Comparison Usual care consisting of standard health advice, educational leaflet, and…
Summary: In obese female college students, a “five-in-one” comprehensive intervention program significantly improved physical exercise attitudes, functional and aerobic capacity, and reduced weight and body fat compared to a standard three-component intervention of diet control, high-intensity interval training, and behavioral therapy, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population 46 obese female college students (body fat ratio ≥30%) from Chongqing Water Resources and Electric Engineering College. Intervention “Five-in-one” comprehensive intervention: dietary control, HIIT, behavioral therapy, plus functional movement correction and breathing training over a 12-week period with one-year follow-up. Comparison General intervention group receiving only dietary…
Summary: In male patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), combined aerobic and resistance training (CT) significantly enhanced first- and second-phase insulin secretion (FPIS, SPIS) and glucose effectiveness (GE) compared to aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), and control groups, though it was associated with no reported adverse effects. PICO Description Population Forty-five adult male patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (mean age: 55.24 ± 8.17 years; disease duration: 12.51 ± 6.46 years; HbA1c 7.1% ± 1.0%). Intervention Combined training (CT): 12-week program including progressive aerobic training (25-45 minutes at 70%-75% HRmax, 3×/week) and a modified resistance training regimen (1…
Summary: In adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), combined aerobic and resistance training (CT) significantly improved first- and second-phase insulin secretion and glucose effectiveness compared to aerobic training alone and resistance training alone, though it was associated with no reported serious adverse effects. PICO Description Population Adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Intervention Combined aerobic and resistance training (CT) performed regularly; specific exercise protocols not detailed. Comparison Single-modality training: either aerobic training alone or resistance training alone. Outcome Combined training significantly enhanced biphasic insulin secretion and glucose effectiveness relative to single-modality exercises, indicating superior improvement in β-cell…